![]() ![]() A Beginners Guide to Herbal Magic: A Wiccan Overview.Magical Properties of Crystals and Other Minerals.A Beginners Guide to Crystal Magic: A Wiccan Overview.A Beginners Guide to Candle Magic: A Wiccan Overview.What’s the Difference Between Black Magic and White Magic?. ![]() Frequently Asked Questions About Wicca, Witchcraft, and Magic.The reactions of cellular respiration can be represented by the chemical equationĬ 6H 12O 6 + 6O 2 → 6CO 2 + 6H 2O + Energy. Cellular respiration-In this process, cells break down glucose in the presence of oxygen and release carbon dioxide, water (a product), and energy.The reactions ofphotosynthesis can be represented by the chemical equationĦCO 2 + 6H 2O + Energy → C 6H 12O 6 + 6O 2. Photosynthesis-In this process, cells use the energy in sunlight to change carbon dioxide and water to glucose and oxygen.The examples below are among the most important biochemical processes that occur in living things, but they are just two of many ways that water is involved in biochemical reactions. Just why is so much water required by human beings and other organisms? Water can dissolve many substancesthat organisms need, and it is necessary for many biochemical reactions. The body needs all this water to function normally. The human body is about 70% water (not counting the water in body fat, which varies from person to person). This allows lake animals such as fish to survive the winter by staying in the water under the ice. For example, in cold climates, ice floats on top of the water in lakes. The lower density of ice means that it floats on water. This, in turn, causes ice to have a lower density (mass/volume) than liquid water. Hydrogen bonds also cause water to expand when it freezes. Water in its liquid state is needed by all living things. Because of its high boiling point, most water on Earth is in a liquid state rather than in a gaseous state. Hydrogen bonds cause water to have a relatively high boiling point of 100☌ (212☏). Can you think of other examples of water forming drops? (Hint: What happens when rain falls on a newly waxed car?) Drops of dew cling to a spider web in this picture. The dew drops in Figure below are another example of water molecules sticking together.ĭroplets of Dew. Have you ever watched water drip from a leaky faucet or from a melting icicle? If you have, then you know that water always falls in drops rather than as separate molecules. For example, hydrogen bonds explain why water molecules tend to stick together. Hydrogen bonds between water molecules explain some of water’s properties. How do you think this might affect water’s properties? Hydrogen bonds form between nearby water molecules. The hydrogen bonds may not be strong, but in water they are strong enough to hold together nearby molecules. There are just many more hydrogen bonds in water (between water molecules) than there are covalent bonds within a molecule. Bonds between molecules are not as strong as bonds within molecules. The type of bond that forms between molecules is called a hydrogen bond. Because of this attraction, weak bonds form between adjacent water molecules, as shown in Figure below. In the case of water, the positive (hydrogen) end of one water molecule is attracted to the negative (oxygen) end of a nearby water molecule. Opposites attract when it comes to charged molecules. It also depicts how a charge, such as on an ion (Na or Cl, for example) can interact with a water molecule. This diagram shows the positive and negative parts of a water molecule. The diagram in Figure below shows water’s polarity. A difference in electrical charge between different parts of the same molecule is called polarity, making water a polar molecule. As a result, the oxygen atom has a slightly negative charge, and the hydrogen atoms have a slightly positive charge. The oxygen atom in a water molecule attracts negatively-charged electrons more strongly than the hydrogen atoms do. As you have seen, each molecule of water consists of one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen. To understand some of water’s properties, you need to know more about its chemical structure. This is important for organisms that live in the water, because some of them need sunlight to make food. You also probably know that water is transparent, which means that light can pass through it. For example, you probably know that water is tasteless and odorless. No doubt, you are already aware of some of the properties of water. ![]()
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